Bone rebuild in osteoporosis - a review

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a silent disorder characterized by a T score of less than -2.5 in bone densitometry. Bone loss starts from the age of 30 to 35 and progresses further after menopause. It can be alleviated by vitamin D and calcium supplement. More effective anti-osteoporotic medication has been marketed like Fosamax, Actonel and Evista. Despite the medical advance, wrist fractures, vertebral collapse and hip fractures are still common in Hong Kong.

Method: Bone response to compression is first confirmed by literature review. Then local statistics will be studied to point out the severity and the medical expenses on osteoporotic bone fractures. Finally, exercises with axial loading forces acting on radius, vertebrae and femur are proposed to strengthen bones and prevent osteoporotic fractures.

Results: Straight punch, weight lifting and breaststroke swimming style cause pulsatile axial compression of bone trabeculae of distal radius, vertebrae and femoral neck. Regular practice of these exercises will strengthen the bone architecture and prevent wrist, vertebral and hip fractures.

Conclusion: Suitable exercise is supplementary to medication in preventing osteoporotic bone fractures.